There are some other agrochemical products besides those listed above: There are several benefits associated with agrochemicals: Your email address will not be published. Sumerians from 4500 years ago have said to use insecticides in the form of sulfur compounds. P. Cocco, G. Satta, S. Dubois et al., Lymphoma risk and occupational exposure to pesticides: results of the epilymph study, Occupational and Environmental Medicine, vol. Of these plantain farmers, over 97% used the insecticide chlorpyrifos, and 84% applied nematicides, 64% herbicides, and 22% fungicides, with only 31% of participants reporting the use of some type of protective clothing during application. On average, the respondents have the moderate awareness level of health implications of agrochemical use (0.578). Disclaimer, Office: B-300 Saraswati Vihar, Pitampura, New Delhi 110034, Copyright 2021 | Geeken Chemicals India Limited | All Rights Reserved. Farmers response to indicators of awareness of health implications of agrochemical use. 0000003825 00000 n %PDF-1.4 % The municipality was randomly selected among the many maize producing districts or municipality in the region. Protectant fungicides are preventive in nature and are only effective if applied before to fungal infection, hence the name. Theoretically, the probability of farmers in the various levels of awareness of health implications of agrochemical use is indicated in (4). 33, no. 2, pp. Agrochemicals are generally recognized as a significant factor in enhancing the ability to meet Ghana's need for sufficient, safe and affordable food and fiber, however, increased usage have led to environmental deterioration. The active ingredients are typically viscous and have a high solid content. This is because farmers who own radio and television receive information on safety use of agrochemicals. Agrochemicals are chemicals (pesticides and fertilizers) used to boost agricultural production.1,2 They are used as soil conditioners, acidifiers, nutrients and are also used to control diseases caused by bacteria, fungi, pests and viruses, enhancing agricultural productivity and safety. An agrochemical or agrichemical, a contraction of agricultural chemical, is a chemical product used in industrial agriculture. This is a systematic review of studies done in Ghana . Various types of samples, such as plants, water or soil, may be collected for analysis. Keywords: effect, arable crop, farmers, agrochemical use. Agrochemical products are important agricultural inputs that assist farmers to protect their crops from pests and diseases. It is located in the northern part of the Ashanti Region. The study focuses on Agrochemical use in Murang'a and Kirinyaga, making a comparison between Organic and Conventional Farmers. This study assessed factors that affect awareness of health implications of agrochemical use and its effects on maize production in Ejura-Sekyedumase Municipality of Ashanti Region, Ghana. The study will also provide information to policy-makers and agricultural extension officers to come out with effective training programs for farmers. Understanding the problem of pesticide misuse in the Third World requires analysis of both political-economic forces and local-level variations in peasant behavior and attitudes. Africa's population, currently estimated at 1.3 billion people, is expected to double by 2050 (1), placing enormous pressure on African food production systems that are plagued by low productivity. It also posing a greater danger to human health and the environment. Marginal effects of ordered logit model and the individual awareness levels. Required fields are marked *. The quantity of pesticide applied significantly influences maize output (1% significant level). This breakthrough was anchored on science and technology. 7, article no. This is because maize is very important for improving food security and poverty reduction as it is the staple food for most Ghanaians. Misuse or the unauthorized use of pesticides commonly occurs because pesticide companies . The research outcome can, therefore, be used by the Ministry of Agriculture, agrochemical companies, and other agencies to raise awareness of the need for safe handling and use of agrochemical by farmers through the identification of the drivers that influences farmers level of awareness of health implications of agrochemical use. Long-term solutions however, are dependent on the development of policies and infrastructure that support non-chemical pest management, alternatives to pesticides, and the identification of organic plantain markets. The increase in area under cultivation by one acre leads to an increase in maize output by 584kg (5.84 bags) ceteris paribus. Most are mixtures of two or more chemicals; active ingredients provide the desired effects, and inert ingredients stabilize or preserve the active ingredients or aid in application. Fungi is a significant problem that has a negative impact on crops. Results indicate that the quantity of agrochemicals applied in plantain cultivation is less than that applied in export banana, but the absence of appropriate agrochemical application practices in plantain cultivation may pose serious risks to human and environmental health. Bangladeshi poor and untrained farmers apply the agrochemicals massively for getting rapid and huge returns from their shared lands causing incurable risks for the ecosystem and human health. In the area of reuse of empty containers of agrochemicals, 53.2% said they dispose of them while 46.8% said they use the containers for buying of oil and drinking of water in the farm. 90, no. It encompasses fertilizers, pesticides (weedicides, insecticides, rodenticides, and fungicides), and plant regulators. A comprehensive intervention strategy for improving agrochemical safety among rice farmers in Thailand is lacking. 2020, Elixir Agriculture 138 (2019) 54069-54075. The margins are interpreted in relation to their signs and categories. The number of farmers selected from each community was based on the number of maize producing households in each community. For example, manually inspecting each plant and the entire farmland for pests, insects, and weeds and then engaging in removal is not practical without specialised expertise and a large expenditure of time and effort. It is statistically significant at 1% and confirms the a priori expectation. endstream endobj 116 0 obj<> endobj 118 0 obj<> endobj 119 0 obj<>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text]/ExtGState<>>> endobj 120 0 obj<> endobj 121 0 obj<> endobj 122 0 obj<> endobj 123 0 obj<> endobj 124 0 obj<> endobj 125 0 obj<> endobj 126 0 obj<> endobj 127 0 obj<>stream Factors such as balanced use, optimum dosing, correct application methods and timing help . Output is a function of conventional inputs such as labor, capital, fertilizer, and pesticides. HXDJ0M`|p)%M-Y@Ln3gzsd1eH``c8R9r }j_ The theory of production is used to analyze and quantify the effects of conventional and nonconventional input use on maize output. Due to the irrational use of agrochemicals, the degree of pollution in soil, air, water, and ecosystem as a whole is a big concern for us. There are concerns about the indiscriminate use of agrochemicals with nonadherence of safety precautions of agrochemical use by maize farmers in Ghana (including Ejura-Sekyedumase Municipality). The major source of environmental contamination by pesticides Read, understand, and follow all of the label requirements when combining and using. Additionally, 52.6% of the respondents adhere to the recommended dosage while 47.4% do not. Contact -Its main aim is to kill insects when used on a single target.Because they must strike the insect directly, most domestic insect sprays work like contact insecticides. C. K. Bempah and A. K. Donkor, Pesticide residues in fruits at the market level in Accra Metropolis, Ghana, a preliminary study, Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, vol. But the new pesticides seemed rather safe, especially compared to the forms of arsenic that had killed people in the 1920s and 1930s 12. Even if a violation of the Illinois Pesticide Act cannot be substantiated, both the complainant and the alleged violator will be notified in writing of the complaint's status. Instecticides 333341, 2012. From the results, six out of ten independent variables statistically and significantly affect maize output. This quantitative cross sectional study sought to understand the level of awareness, practices, and perceptions of safe Awareness of health implications of agrochemical use increases output by 309kg (3.09 bags) per acre. We have worked on creating, manufacturing, and distributing agrochemicals (agricultural insecticides, pesticides, herbicides, insanitary insecticides, and soil fumigants). [5], the use of pesticides by farmers to control weeds, increase agricultural productivity, and preserve agricultural produce has reached a crescendo thereby calling for urgent attention. The conceptual reasoning is that farmers who have higher level of awareness about the health implications of agrochemical usage are likely to adhere to the recommended safety precautions. Complaints must be received by the IDOA within 30 days of the incident or within 30 days of when the damage was first noticed. Information on the Endangered Species Protection Program administered through the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency can be obtained atwww.epa.gov/espp. However, the abuse of such agrochemicals contaminates soils and groundwater, negatively impacting the environment and human health (Elahi et al., 2019;Mahmood et al., 2016). It protects crops from pests, diseases, and pathogens while also increasing yield quality and quantity. The result shows that the minimum age of the respondents was 20 years and the maximum was 76 years with the mean and standard deviation of 40.5 years and 13.2 years, respectively. An agrochemical or agrichemical, a contraction of agricultural chemical, is a chemical product used in industrial agriculture. It is a confirmation of a research conducted by Gaber and Abdel-Latif [23] which opined that farmers who received school education had more knowledge about the negative effects of pesticides on health. For example, systemic toxins and Paris green (copper acetoarsenate). The main source of information on agrochemicals use was media and manuals. Career, Herbicides According to Okoffo et al. Education helps farmers to understand the regulations guiding the use of chemicals in the farms thereby exposing them to the dangers of inappropriate use of the chemicals. HlTKs0WQ*`tLCsizPd+)p/kw{09Rh U]qC 7r2 The PHI should be adequate to allow for agrochemical residues in the harvested crop to degrade to a level that is acceptable, points out Dr. Gunathilake. 0000002093 00000 n The use of pesticides in the cultivation of cash crops such as banana and plantain is increasing, in Costa Rica and worldwide. . Access to television and radio decreases the probability of a farmer being in the low level of awareness by 0.312 and increases the probability of a farmer being in moderate and high levels of awareness by 0.245 and 0.066, respectively. Fin The study found that environmental challenges, activities of NGOs, government policy, lack of or high cost of labor, and competition among farmers were major factors influencing farmers' decisions to use agrochemicals. Laary, J.K. (2012) Dry-Season Farming and Agrochemical Misuse in Upper East Region of Ghana: Implication and Way Forward, Journal of Agricultural, Food, and Environmental Sciences, 5(1) Fungicides This will lead to the avoidance of over/underapplication of agrochemicals and reduce the loss of time due to an illness of the farmer thereby increasing the efficiency and productivity of the crops and farmers. Statistically significant at 1 % significant level ) to indicators of awareness of health implications of agrochemical use 0.578. Out of ten independent variables statistically and significantly affect maize output by 584kg ( 5.84 bags ) paribus! Acre leads to an increase in maize output by 584kg ( 5.84 bags ) ceteris paribus influences. Misuse in the northern part of the label requirements when combining and using awareness health! 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